Canada is failing to effectively address the slew of sustainability problems stemming from its energy sector, leading to a deterioration of its ecosystems and putting the health of Canadians and the long-term vitality of its economy at risk. In order to improve this situation, research suggests that a novel form of leadership is required. Through a review of literature and interviews with 18 leaders in Canadian energy sector firms, this thesis explores not only what kind of leadership Canada needs to address its contemporary sustainability problems, but also where this leadership can be found. The findings of this thesis suggest that women may be the sustainable energy transition leaders that Canada needs, and therefore supporting women so they can advance in Canadian energy sector firms will serve to facilitate Canada's sustainable energy transition. In short, I argue that gender matters when it comes to leading Canada's sustainable energy transition.