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  • Co-Created Pillars: Building Networks for the Future

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Allahmoradi, Sarah
    Date Created:
    2021-02-22

  • Organizational Characteristics of B2B Adopters in the Canadian Manufacturing Sector

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Kumar, Vinod D., Fuksa, Michael, and Kumar, Uma
    Abstract:
    This paper presents selected preliminary results from a study of B2B e-commerce adoption by Canadian manufacturing firms. The goal of the broad research project IS to describe the behaviour of Canadian manufacturers with respect to adoption of B2B technologies and to identify factors which distinguish adopters from non-adopters of B2B. The study focuses on the organizational characteristics of adopters of B2B e-commerce technologies and attempts to outline the features which differentiate them from non-adopters. Preliminary analysis shows the existence of three distinct B2B adopter types: non-adopters, partial-adopters and full-adopters. Leadership related variables appear to be the most important determinants of adoption.
    Date Created:
    2007-11-01

  • The New Age of Accounting Regulation Canada and the United States

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Pollanen, Raili and Pollanen, Eric M.
    Abstract:
    This paper reviews major differences between the accounting regulatory systems in Canada and the United States. In the U.S., the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 governs responsibilities of management, auditors, and Boards of Directors related to internal control over financial reporting. In Canada, a series of Multilateral Instruments under provincial jurisdiction serves similar objectives. As compared to the U.S., the Canadian system is more decentralized and principles-based allowing a greater degree of responsibility to the accounting profession for standard setting and oversight. The Canadian approach has resulted in weaker regulation, slower implementation, and greater influence by the accounting profession. These findings imply that accounting regulations should be tailored to fit the political and institutional structures of the adopting country.
    Date Created:
    2007-11-01

  • Critical Success Factors in Technology Transfer from Government Laboratories to Private Sector

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Kumar, Uma and Uruthirapathy, Aareni
    Abstract:
    Each year the Canadian government allocates a significant amount of money for science and technology. A major portion of this allocation goes for R& D. In order to enjoy adequate return, technologies that are developed in Canadian federal labs need to be transferred to the public effectively. There are critical factors in technology transfer which play a key role in determining the effectiveness of this transfer process. This study examines the technical, organizational, and people factors which can enhance technology transfer from government laboratories.
    Date Created:
    2007-11-01

  • Implementation of Quality Management Practice in E-Commerce

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Shareef, Mahmud Akhter, Kumar, Vinod D., and Kumar, Uma
    Abstract:
    Implementation of quality management practice in E-Commerce (EC) is a relatively new challenging area to researchers and managers. Proliferation of EC provides an opportunity to quality management gurus to reshape quality dimensions suitable for real sustainability, expansion, and success of EC. Based on the underpinning principles of Total Quality Management (TQM) and quality management practice this paper focuses on the quality dimensions required for launching a successful EC as the competitive edge in gaining market leadership. This article postulates a model to integrate quality management in EC.
    Date Created:
    2007-11-01

  • Reaching New Heights after Falling to the Depths: Recovering from a Country Image Faux Pas

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Lu, Irene, Cray, David, and Heslop, Louise A.
    Abstract:
    Surveys of Australian consumers before and after French nuclear testing in the Pacific show clear evidence of negative responses of consumers to the 1995 testing. Although evaluations of French products did not decline, evaluations of France and the French did. However, by 2005 ratings of French products and France had more than recovered. A model of effects among country and product belief sets is proposed and tested. The model is strongly supported and helpful in understanding the process of image recover.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • Climbing to New Heights: Lessons From Mount Everest on PCI and TDI Convergence

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Nadeau, John, Luk, Peter, O'Reilly, Norman, and Heslop, Louise A.
    Abstract:
    This paper applies attitude theory to assess the influence of beliefs and evaluations of Nepal with desired linkages and travel intentions. The main contribution is to connect TDI and PCI research by testing a general country image model in a tourism context. Attitude theory acts as the connection between the two fields.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • The Role of Export Processing Zones in Development and International Marketing Strategy

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Malhotra, Shavin and Papadopoulos, Nicolas G.
    Abstract:
    Export Processing Zones (EPZs) are areas within developing countries where business is offered special incentives and a barrier-free environment in order to promote economic growth by attracting foreign investment for export-oriented production. Most developing countries now have EPZs, and the number of zones, number of firms operating within them, and volume of business are growing rapidly. Yet studies of the EPZ phenomenon by business researchers are virtually non-existent, leading to poor understanding of its role in international marketing. This paper draws from the economics literature to provide an integrative review of the EPZ concept, discusses its importance for host nations and international business, and provides suggestions for future research.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • Measures of Identity Fraud

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Kumar, Vinod D., Movahedi, Bahar, Lavassani, Kayvan, and Kumar, Uma
    Abstract:
    Identity fraud (IDF) is the fastest growing white-collar crime in many countries and specifically in developed countries. IDF is not a new phenomenal in human societies; the history of IDF can be traced back to hundreds of years ago. What has made it the center of attention in the past few years is the acceleration in the frequency and the impacts of IDF to individuals and businesses. One of the preliminary steps in managing IDF as a global phenomenon is to understand the scope of the problem and measure its different aspects. By realizing the importance of developing measurement systems in this area, and the recognition of a gap in this area of research, this study presents the previous approaches in developing IDF measurement systems, and uses them as benchmarks for developing and proposing a comprehensive measurement system for assessing IDF.
    Date Created:
    2007-11-01

  • Brand Extensions: The Role of Target Category Competition and Dominant Brand

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Kapoor, Harish and Heslop, Louise A.
    Abstract:
    Past research on brand extension evaluation does not incorporate the effects of the target category structure and competition from the existing brand. This paper reports the findings of an exploratory experimental study that shows the effects of competition on the evaluation of brand extensions and potential implications of the dominant brand in the target category.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • Collaboration in Combating Identity Fraud

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    de Grosbois, Danuta, Kumar, Uma, and Kumar, Vinod D.
    Abstract:
    The problem of identity theft is complex, spans the boundaries of many organizations, companies and countries, and affects numerous entities in different ways at different times. However, given the nature of the problem, it is extremely difficult and costly for an individual or an organization to fight it on its own. An increasing number of practitioners and researchers have started to indicate that the success of identity theft management relies on joint efforts of different stakeholders. Collaboration, generally defined as 'working together to some end' is believed to have the potential of delivering numerous benefits to its participants when properly executed. This paper discusses different aspects of collaboration efforts undertaken by organizations in order to fight identity theft.
    Date Created:
    2007-11-01

  • The Role of Behavioural Activation and Inhibition in Advertising Appeals

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Papadopoulos, Nicolas G. and Murphy, Steven
    Abstract:
    Advertising appeals are central to the effectiveness of advertising and have been studied extensively. However, past research has focused primarily on examining the effects of one or another type of appeal on consumers, and little is known about the concept of an advertising appeal itself. As part of a broader program intended to address this gap, this paper examines the role of underlying motivational forces in the development of consumer attributions regarding advertising appeals. More specifically, we are centrally concerned with examining under what conditions emotion states, personality traits, and underlying motivations may lead to product judgements and subsequent (purchase) behaviour.
    Date Created:
    2007-11-01

  • Competitive and Value Effects of Bank Privatization in Developed Countries

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Otchere, Isaac
    Abstract:
    This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the performance of privatized banks in developed countries. Consistent with the competitive effects hypothesis which asserts that privatization could hurt rivals, we find that the rival banks reacted negatively to news of bank privatization in developed countries. The competitive effects are stronger in cases where government ownership decreases significantly. Contrary to the findings of prior studies that examine the performance of privatized banks in developing countries, we find that privatized banks in developed countries experienced significant improvements in operating performance and stock market performance in the post privatization period.
    Date Created:
    2007-11-01

  • Critical Theory in MIS Research, 1990-2001 : Looking Back and Moving Forward

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Neilson, Leighann
    Abstract:
    A review of five major journals in the Management Information Systems (MIS) field reveals that the majority of research articles engaging with Critical Theory, from the period 1990 to 2001, are of a conceptual nature, focusing primarily on systems development. Two reasons are suggested for the comparatively low level of engagement with Critical Theory in empirical research efforts: lack of a critical theory method and reluctance to engage with the theory's emancipatory commitments. A critical theory method that encompasses both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods is advanced. In addition, a more practiceoriented way of thinking about emancipation is proposed.
    Date Created:
    2007-11-01

  • Layers Of Discrimination: Income inequalities Between Female Minority Populations and Other Groups

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Papadopoulos, Nicolas G., Dyke, Lorraine, and Ambwani, Vinita
    Abstract:
    This paper reviews the existing evidence for dual discrimination based on gender and ethnicity for minority/immigrant women. It focuses on income inequalities between minority/immigrant women and other groups. The effects of human capital, occupational segregation, sector segregation and discrimination or stereotyping on earnings gap are identified. The paper also proposes that a preponderance of minority females in certain occupations may result in a devaluation of wages and lowering of prestige in these occupations. The unique set of stressors experienced by minority/immigrant women that may affect access to jobs as well as performance on the job are also discussed.
    Date Created:
    2007-11-01

  • Income Trusts and Growth : Empirical Evidence

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Sun, Chengye
    Abstract:
    This paper provides empirical evidence on the growth, financing activity, and operating performance of Canadian business income trusts. We find that business income trusts are growing in terms of total assets and sales revenues. They frequently acquire other businesses in post-IPO period. We also find that income trusts are likely to issue third-party debt to finance acquisitions. Median operating return on total assets decreases after an business income trust IPO, indicating an operating performance inferior to that in pre-lPO years.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • A Markovian Simulation-based Model for Predicting the Breakage Factor in Loyalty Programs Industry

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Nsakanda, Aaron
    Abstract:
    One problem faced by a profit center loyalty reward program firm is that of determining the percentage of the points (the so called "breakage factor or "breakage rate" in loyalty programs industry) accumulated each year that end up not ever being redeemed by members, and that should therefore, be recognized as revenue in the establishment of the periodical financial statements. A higher breakage rate will contribute to increase the net income and profitability on the financial statements. This in turn would offer a competitive advantage to a firm in attracting and pricing new third party partners, developing company strategic plans, and managing the overall yearly reward capacity. In this paper, we propose a quantitative methodology for determining the breakage rate in Loyalty Reward Programs (LRP). The proposed methodology is a simulation-based approach in which the accumulation and redemption of "points" is modeled as a stochastic process. An application of the approach to a real-life context is discussed.
    Date Created:
    2007-11-01

  • Putting the Romance Back in Teams: Is Trust the Key to Unlock Knowledge Sharing?

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Tuer, Frances L.
    Abstract:
    One reason teams are seen to be a high-performance work practice (HPWP) is that the diversity of team member knowledge, skills and abilities, known as cognitive resource diversity supposedly brings new perspectives, information, ideas and resources to the solution of problems and the exploration and exploitation of opportunities. However, to date the performance of heterogeneous teams has been disappointing with the most common finding being increased conflict. Based on social identity and social exchange theories and building onto Mayer, Davis & Schoorman's (1995) classic integrative model of trust, this paper proposes that trust is a critical mediator in the relationship between cognitive resource diversity and within-team knowledge sharing.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • The Strategic Dimensions of Information Systems Capability: An Evolutionary and Resource-based View

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Sangwan, Hemant, Yu, Ma, and Nitin, Mehta
    Abstract:
    The paper addresses important issues regarding how consumers' purchase decisions in a product category are influenced by market mix variables in other categories. We propose a structural analysis of multi-category purchase decisions, where we simultaneously model and estimate consumers' purchase incidence, brand choice and quantity choice decisions across multiple product categories. Addtionally, we study the role played by umbrella brands in influencing the decision made by consumers. We propose a structural model where all the three decisions are derived from the consumer's global utility maximization. Such structural analysis is important from the perspective of (i) a retailer whose objective is to maximize profits over all product categories, and (ii) a manufacturer whose objective is to maximize profits over its entire product line. Our analysis highlights the importance of studying consumers' purchase decisions in a multi-category context which can not be addressed by studying each category in seclusion.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • What Are the Pay Equity Implications of Expatriate Compensation?

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Skowronski, Mark
    Abstract:
    Identification of effective and cost-efficient compensation practices for recruiting and retaining expatriate employees is becoming increasingly important in today's global labor market. This paper proposes a study to investigate perceptions of fair compensation for expatriate employment using the tenets of equity theory. Participants will specify an "equitable" monetary bonus for hypothetical overseas assignments of different lengths and locations. Relying on Konopaske's and Werner's (2002) propositions, the author predicts the following: 1) Short-term overseas assignments will require a larger "foreign service premium" (monetary bonus) than domestic relocation, 2) Long-term expatriate assignments will require a larger premium than short-term or domestic relocation, and 3) Relocation to a developing country will require a larger premium than relocation to an advanced industrialized nation or to a domestic location. A methodology and data analysis strategy are described.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • The Positive Effects of Incivility in the Context of the Armed Forces: Exploring Work Context as a Moderator of Incivility

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Rostis, Adam
    Abstract:
    In the typology of harassment and aggression in the workplace, workplace incivility is situated as a non-aggressive, low intensity form of deviant behaviour with an uncertain intent to cause harm. The importance of incivility to organizational theory and human resource management is that it may have a negative effect on organizational outcomes and more importantly it may be a precursor for more overt forms of workplace violence. Two potential influences on the effects of incivility are personality and workplace context; the latter of these two has not been sufficiently explored in the literature. This paper will take one step towards addressing this gap by examining the ways in which incivility is moderated in the context of military organizations. The result of this contextual examination of incivility will be a proposal that incivility may have a positive effect through the development of coping strategies for stressful situations encountered by armed forces.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • Involuntary Downsizing: The Impact of a Labour Shortage

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Pyper, Rhonda L.
    Abstract:
    Labour shortages are imminent in a variety of different industries, particularly those that require high levels of skills. Organizations will need to plan for these shortages as many of the solutions will have fairly long lead times before an impact is felt. One area from which short-term gains may be achieved is the reduction of voluntary turnover, particularly the loss of productive employees. An area with potential for longer-term success in combating the labour shortage is in restructuring. Through restructuring, organizations can redesign the work processes so that when employees do leave, the position will have to be reworked and a replacement may not be needed. The organization will be shrinking in headcount, but it will remain as productive as it was before downsizing due to efficiencies gained; it will have successfully navigated "involuntary downsizing". The purpose of this paper is to develop the concept of involuntary downsizing" by expanding the definition of downsizing to include situations in which organizations are competing in diminishing labour markets. Similar to the current concept of downsizing, organizations will need to accomplish more, with fewer resources; however, the cause of the downsizing and the solutions that are available will be different.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • Code of Ethics: A Conceptual Model and Preliminary Results

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Pawliw, Pierre
    Abstract:
    Academic research into codes of ethics has given us valuable information on the subject but has failed to provide an all-encompassing understanding of the contents of actual codes. This paper looks at what is presently known about this subject, presents a conceptual model that integrates the different elements that go into a code of ethics, describes the dynamics that explains why each company's code of ethics has a distinct content, and presents preliminary results obtained after having analyzed a cross-section of the code of ethics of member companies of the Ethics and Compliance Officer Association.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • How May I Help You? Conceptualizing the Benefits of High Performance Work Practices on Emotional Labour Pressures in the Hospitality Industry

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Murray, William
    Abstract:
    The hospitality industry relies on front-line staff members to provide high quality service experiences to encourage repeat business. Unlike the manufacturing industry that separates the production of goods from the delivery to customers, professionals in the hospitality industry realize that customers evaluate their "product" through perceived service quality levels (Ottenbacher & Howley, 2005). Although types of service may differ, industry operators and researchers agree that both customer satisfaction and service quality are critical prerequisites for customer retention (Cronin & Taylor, 1992). Consistent service quality demands a workforce with strong emotional display management skills; however, displays of unfelt feelings, or "acting", can create intense emotional strain for service providers. This paper will examine the emotional labour pressures experienced by service workers and outline theoretical mitigating influences provided by high performance work practices (HPWP). Links will be drawn between decreased employee turnover, increased customer satisfaction and customer retention.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • How Does the Stage of a Contract Affect Performance: Evidence from Professional Basketball

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Mirowska, Agata
    Abstract:
    This study uses theories of motivation to analyze how performance changes over the life of a contract. Utilizing performance data for professional basketball players in the NBA for three seasons, the results show that performance does change over the life of a contract. Factors affecting how much control a player has over his performance are found to be important in how the players' performance changes as the contract completion nears.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • Theoretical Progression of Work and Life Relationship: A Historical Perspective

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Miri Lavassani, Kayvan and Movahedi, Bahar
    Abstract:
    In this study we will discuss the historical changes in the work and life relationship which resulted in development of new theories. After an introduction to work-life relationships, different theories of work and life are presented in the second section of this paper. These theories are categories intro three generations based on their characteristics in the historical evolution of work-life studies. In the third section measures of work and life spillovers are described. In section four, critiques of the current methodologies which is being used in the work and life studies are presented. Discussion section which is presented in following section includes some arguments regarding the ways to select the most appropriate theories for work-life studies. Also in this section some recommendations are presented for enhancing the commonly used methodologies of the research on work and life relationships. Finally, in the last section, some recommendations for future studies are presented.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • A Product of 'His' Time? Exploring the Construct of the Ideal Manager in the Cold War Era

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Mills, Albert J. and McLaren, Patricia Genoe
    Abstract:
    Managers are often measured against an ideal that is treated as a tangible object which is stable across generations. It is the contention of this paper that the ideal manager is, in fact, a social construct that is a product of the political and social context within which it exists. Different periods in time create unique typifications of the construct, and the ideal manager is not independent of its environment. The socially constructed nature of the ideal manager will be illustrated through the analysis of the construct at one specific point in time, the internal Cold War in the years following the Second World War and ending in 1960. While widely studied in most disciplines, the Cold War has been largely ignored in the management literature, and therefore provides us with a unique perspective from which to assess the impact of context on the standard to which managers are held.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • Towards Measuring the Personality of Performing Arts Awards: Scale Development and Theoretical Implications

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Georgie, Vincent E.
    Abstract:
    This paper will provide insight into the personality dimensions that can be attributed to performing arts awards, and thus generate a scale to measure these dimensions. This area of work rests upon the idea that there is self-concept congruency between a viewer and product or service, and that there are instances where attributes of a human nature can be, in fact, attributed to them. The study will look particularly at a mixed sample of televised performing arts awards shows (The Academy Awards, The Prime-Time Emmy Awards, The Tony Awards, The Grammy Awards and The Golden Globe Awards) and the various motivations and interests of viewers to watch, or not watch, such shows. Based upon its position in the literature and its intended contribution, this study will propose a four-step scale development process.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • The Internationalization of Malaysian Firms into Foreign Markets

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Ismail, Jannatul Firdaus
    Abstract:
    Available data indicate that economic conditions, exports performance and foreign direct investment from Malaysia increased significantly in the 1990s. Existing literature on the internationalization of firms is based on the study of firms from developed countries and does not directly apply to the case of firms based in developing economies, and Malaysia particularly. Based on this phenomenon, this study attempts to examine the process of internationalization among Malaysian firms into the foreign markets and compare the internationalization process of Malaysian firms with other developed countries. This study will contribute to the knowledge gap with empirical data from rapidly internationalizing firms, in respect of the Malaysian firms' experiences, organizational learning and capability creation that will offer fruitful approaches to understanding the dynamic of firms' expansion. The resulting model could assist policy makers to improve existed support programs for businesses to overcome barriers and enhance performance in internationalization process.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • Out of the Closet: An Exploration of the Role of Work Dress

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Dyke, Lorraine and Elliot, Statia
    Abstract:
    Despite the prevalence of formal and informal standards for employee attire, research on its role is limited. Social psychological theories suggest that work attire can be a meaningful, expressive symbol associated with one's occupational identity. Organizational theories suggest that work attire can affect both individual and organizational outcomes. Bridging these perspectives, this study considers work attire's potential to influence micro and macro organizational dynamics. A framework of the dimensions influencing factors and outcomes of work dress is used to assess the results of a poll of members of the Canadian Forces, an organization whose work attire is highly conspicuous and rigidly homogeneous. Though a slight majority of participants responded that their uniform did not impact their operational focus, comments indicate both organizational influences and individual concerns with specific attributes of attire. Attitudes toward work attire may be indicative of broader issues of organizational identity.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • Making Sense of Nonsense in Hong Kong

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Friedman, Perley-Ann
    Abstract:
    This paper identifies some of the challenges facing expatriates using an autoethnographic account of situations experienced by the author during her first year of work at a financial services company in Hong Kong. These experiences reveal an erratic business world of apparent nonsense and uncertainty, incomprehensible to an outsider. The challenges facing expatriates stem from the stress and anxiety affecting their work, family and social interactions within the foreign culture. Success in the new environment is dependent on the expatriate's ability to adjust to the new culture. An overview of the current research on the expatriate experience is provided to help the reader make sense of the autoethnographic situations.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • What Do We Know About Collaborative Maturity? : A Review of the Literature and Research Track

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Daoudi, Jaouad and Bourgault, Mario
    Abstract:
    Working in collaborative and dispersed (C&D) settings is now common for project teams, especially for those active in multinational companies or in international contexts. The concept of "collaborative maturity" has recently been proposed by various authors in order to identify and measure the competence of a firm working in C&D mode. Many models of collaborative maturity have been proposed, reflecting the increasing importance of this area of research. However, the existing literature is spread among multiple journals in various fields of research. For a better understanding of collaborative maturity and how it is measured, a thorough literature review is conducted and an extension of existing research is proposed. This will serve as the theoretical background for future empirical research. The results should be useful for project managers and academicians with an interest in C&D projects.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • Furthering Collaborative Strategic Management Theory: Process Model and Factors Per Phase

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Clarke, Amelia
    Abstract:
    Social problems, such unsustainable development, can be too large for any one organization to tackle alone so are increasingly being addressed through cross-sector multi-organizational collaborations. One of the approaches being taken is formulating and implementing a collective (alternatively named collaborative) strategy. Despite the increasing usage of collaborative strategic management in practice, there is relatively little literature on this approach, particularly when considering the implementation of the collaborative strategy. This paper builds on existing interorganizational collaboration theory and organizational strategy implementation theory to determine: 1) a conceptual process model of collaborative strategic management; and 2) factors which affect each phase of cross-sectoral social-oriented collaborative strategic managment.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • Technology Scanning Scale Dimensions

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Alam, M. S.
    Abstract:
    The paper identifies the characteristics of firm activities that constitute its technology scanning dynamic capability, which enables the firm to translate information about customer needs into information about tangible ways to introduce new products and services to satisfy those needs. The ability to find a specific actionable way to address customer needs is proposed to be measured by a latent construct called technology scanning. Using the literature on marketing, innovation management, knowledge management, new product development, and economics, five dimensions are identified for a technology scanning scale. A strong presence of 'technology scanning' ensures that the firm's resources are targeted to find the solution of the problems that matters most, the ones that were identified as a consequence of high level of market orientation of the firm. This work would shed some light on how managers might solve the problems and needs of the customers identified through market orientation practices. When market orientation guides technology scanning activities, the outcomes are more desirable to the firm.
    Date Created:
    2007-04-01

  • IT Capabilities and Firm Performance: A Resource-based, Alliance Perspective

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Addas, Shamel and Pinsonneault, Alain
    Abstract:
    Information technology-based alliances are rapidly spreading in organizations, which calls upon researchers to develop an adequate theoretical lens to examine this phenomenon and its key associated outcomes, such as the business performance of alliance firms. However, strategic alliances are mostly examined from a transaction cost economics perspective, and the results on performance are inconclusive at best. This paper proposes an alternative lens - the resource-based view - and applies an extended version of it to explain the performance of firms in IT-based alliances. A conceptual model is developed that examines the impact of shared information technology resources on firm performance. Also, a measurement scale for these resources is developed and preliminarily validated.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • L'entrepreneuriat social, mieux connaître Ie concept

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Brouard, Francois
    Abstract:
    Entrepreneurship is a recognized concept both for research and practice. It is possible to find university courses, research published in specialized journals, associations dedicated to entrepreneurship promotion and governmental support. In a regional economic development context, a special form of entrepreneurship could achieve other objectives. Social entrepreneurship is an emergent concept earning more popularity than ever around the planet. However the concept is not well known. The objective of the paper is to present an overview of the social entrepreneurship concept.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • The Use of Affect in Positioning Strategy

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Murphy, Steven, Butt, Ifran, and Papadopoulos, Nicolas G.
    Abstract:
    This paper examines the role of affect in marketing positioning strategy and individual positioning judgements. We examine affect in both the marketing and positioning literatures and argue that vestiges of the dual mind perspective are alive and well in positioning. Viewing 'thinking' and 'feeling' as entirely separate (as in utilitarian vs. hedonic product distinctions) runs counter to advances in neuroscience and devalues individual differences and brain functioning. As a result of our own coding of positioning dimensions, we advocate for a greater understanding of the complex interplay between affect and cognition in positioning strategy and judgements.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • A Model of International Product and International Destination Relationships

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Elliot, Statia and Papadopoulos, Nicolas G.
    Abstract:
    Potential synergies between international trade and tourism are viewed optimistically by governments, yet research to assess their association is limited. To gain an understanding of trade and tourism relationships, this paper reports on a study which examines both product-related and tourism-related place image effects on consumer behavior simultaneously. Using the U.S. as the country of focus, key product and travel relationships are measured by structural equation modeling of consumer data from South Korea. Findings support the cross-over effect between one's beliefs about a country as a destination and as a producer, and one's willingness to travel to it and/or buy its products, and most strongly, that product beliefs affect views of travel destinations.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • Review of Management Control Systems in Their Organizational and Environmental Context : Managerial Perspective and Control Typology

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Pollanen, Raili
    Abstract:
    This paper provides a critical review of literature on management controls and their context. The review indicates that more emphasis has been placed on organizational than environmental factors and that the effectiveness of different controls in different contexts remains practically unaddressed. In general, research has been ad hoc and focused on results-oriented financial controls, short-term efficiency, and individual level of analysis. Even for commonly studied topics (e.g., budget controls), evidence has often been inconsistent and limited to manufacturing organizations, with little integration and refinement of previous theoretical models based on new evidence. Further research is required to investigate the relative importance of different financial and nonfinancial controls in different types of organizations in order to develop more comprehensive performance measurement and management frameworks.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • The Four or Five Barred Cage: The Consequences of Hofstede's View of Culture

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Cray, David
    Abstract:
    A study of citations in four prominent journals indicates how deeply Hofstede's conceptualization dominates the understanding of culture in international business research. The implications of this intellectual hegemony for the development of the field are examined After considering some critiques of Hofstede's approach, three diverse alternatives to the value-based approach are discussed.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • The Strategic Dimensions of information Systems Capability: An Evolutionary and Resource-based View

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Grant, Gerald and Liebenau, Jonathan
    Abstract:
    Research emphasizing evolutionary and resource-based perspectives of the firm highlights the importance of core capabilities as sources of superior performance, and views capabilities in computer-based IT systems as instrumental in leading to strategic advantage. However, the asymmetrical results from such systems present a somewhat confusing picture as to the key issues that managers should be addressing. We present an approach to IS capability development that applies a combined evolutionary and resource-based perspective. We propose that IS capability is determined along three strategic dimensions and will result from effective and sustained efforts in three complementary areas that are discussed in this paper. We use three case studies to illustrate the use of the proposed IS capability framework in analyzing information systems in organizations.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • A Critique of Partial Least Squares, and a Preliminary Assessement of an Alternative Estimation Method

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Thomas, Roland, Cedzynski, Marzena, and Lu, Irene
    Abstract:
    Partial least squares (PLS) is sometimes used as an alternative to covariance-based structural equation modeling (SEM). This paper briefly reviews currently available SEM techniques, and provides a critique of the perceived advantages of PLS over covariance-based SEM as commonly cited by PLS users. Specific attention is drawn to the primary disadvantage of PLS, namely the lack of consistency of its parameter estimates. The instrumental variables (IV) /two stage least squares (2SLS) method of estimation is then described and presented as a potential alternative to PLS that might yield its perceived advantages without succumbing to its primary disadvantage. Preliminary simulation results show that: PLS parameter estimates exhibit substantial bias when the number of items is moderate; SEM-based methods yield lower bias; and IV/2SLS estimates may indeed provide a viable ordinary least squares (OLS)-based alternative to PLS.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01

  • Relationships among Evaluative Criteria, Uncertainty, Organizational Size, and Performance: Empirical Evidence in Public Organizations

    Resource Type:
    Article
    Creator:
    Pollanen, Raili
    Abstract:
    This survey study of senior municipal administrators examines the use of evaluative criteria in managerial performance evaluation and extends previous findings in the public sector context. The results reveal that the use of evaluative criteria is very similar to that found in Otley and Pollanen's (2000) public-sector study, but significantly different from those reported in several private-sector studies. Substantially lower proportions of budget-based criteria are found in both public-sector studies than in private-sector studies. Performance is higher under low- than high-uncertainty conditions and in larger than smaller organizations. The findings suggest that different evaluative criteria may be appropriate in the public and he findings suggest that different evaluative criteria may be appropriate in the public and private sectors, and that uncertainty and organizational size may affect performance.
    Date Created:
    2007-02-01