Through a case study of the Lakehead, this thesis explores whether the provincial school system, with its Anglo-conformity approach to assimilation, was as important or exclusive an influence as Ontario education officials hoped and claimed in assimilating "foreigners" in the Lakehead between 1900 and 1939. The urban and rural areas of Port Arthur and Fort William, which experienced rapid population growth and changes in ethnic composition mainly due to heavy immigration of entrance status immigrants between 1900 and 1930, provided an excellent setting for the study of education and assimilation. The Lakehead's isolation and distance from central Ontario and limited financial and human resources of school boards, coupled with the rapid growth of the Lakehead's population with its particular socioeconomic and ethnic composition, shaped the development of provincial school education locally. These factors appeared to modify the original objectives stated by education officials to create a "homogeneous citizenship" through programs to achieve Anglo-conformity. The provincial school system was neither the only nor necessarily the most important influence on the assimilation process in the Lakehead between 1900 and 1939. Other agencies, which included religious, social, and political organizations sponsored by Canadians and immigrants of charter groups as well as entrance status immigrants, also played an important role in educating immigrants and shaping the assimilation process. Moreover, the role of these agencies changed throughout the period from 1900 to 1939.
Six crude oils were analyzed for nine nitrogen containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by column separation and MSD, Mass Selective Dectector. Carbazole was found in four oils at levels of 100's of yug/g and not at all in two other oils. The crude oils were deasphaltized and analyzed by the same method. The concentration of carbazole in all the oils increased by almost double. Methanol was used as a polar solvent to elute the polar compounds in oil. The carbazole standard eluted primarily in the 50% hexane/benzene fraction but in the oils, was present only in the methanol fraction. Hexane solutions of three oils were prepared in concentrations ranging from 10 ppm to 1000 ppm in order to develop a concentration-calibration curve for excitation and emission wavelengths of fluorescence. The fluorescence of carbazole was measured and occurs in the region of crude oil fluorescence. The TRACC material celite was evaluated for the retention and fluorescence of crude oils. The material absorbed the oil from the water solution and gave a fluorescence spectrum. The spectra intensity did not decrease with a decrease in oil concentration and the matrix for preparing the celite did not have an effect on the signal.
The effects of being involved in a peer mediation program were examined in a pretest/posttest design. Nineteen peer mediators were measured on social self-esteem, communication apprehension, beliefs in altruism and just world, and styles of coping. Major results include higher social self-esteem for mediators, greater amounts of communication apprehension in meetings, and an increased tendency to believe the world is a just place for both groups, over time. Mediators also responded to a qualitative questionnaire; findings reveal many desire more on-going training in mediation skills, and more opportunities to mediate disputes. Items dealing with self-reported changes revealed mediators believe they have experienced positive changes in communication and listening skills. Mediators reported using conflict resolution skills at work and with their families. Finally, consumer satisfaction was measured for nine disputants who had conflicts mediated; 44% were satisfied with their mediation, 77% felt the mediators had treated them fairly, and 89% believed they had learned useful conflict resolution skills.
