An examination of English Canadian feminist texts indicates that the social inequalities and stereotyping that result from women's aging process have not yet been systematically addressed in Canadian feminism. Old women appear to have been relegated to the position of "other" or the "aged" in the development of feminist theory. How and why this occurs, and its consequences for old women, is discussed. The paper concludes that feminist theory must develop a broader theoretical base in order to analyze the combined effects of sexism and ageism on old women in Canada.
A computer program has been developed to investigate turbulence models for computation of axi-symmetric turbulent swirling flows in annular ducts of varying wall radii. Specifically, the parabolized Navier-Stokes equations and the continuity equation, which govern steady, incompressible viscous flow have been cast in non-dimensional finite volume form suitable for solution by a streamwise marching algorithm.The algorithm has been implemented in a FORTRAN computer source code and solutions for turbulent swirling flows in various annular duct geometries have been obtained. Fluid dynamic parameters such as velocity and static pressure distributions have been plotted and compared with other solutions and experimental data where available. The mixing length model of Galbraith, Sjolander and Head(1977) was employed to model the Reynolds stress terms in the momentum equations.The finite-volume formulation, the solution algorithm, the computer program and computed results are described in this thesis. A review of related earlier work is also presented.
From the start of 1989 until the end of 1990 Polish society experienced the radical transformation of a political system. Until then Solidarity had represented a strong force of opposition to the system. In the role of "opposition movement" Solidarity was, perhaps, the most instrumental force which caused the transformation to occur. However, because much of Solidarity's existence was given meaning through this particular role, when the object of oppositlon--the state--began to collapse, Solidarity experienced an identity crisis. Was there a role, and, if so, what was the role of Solidarity In the new Poland? As the new political system emerged. Solidarity--that body which had existed for nine years as the force most challenging to the system--began to decompose. The decomposition of Solidarity was both necessary and inevitable in post-transformation Poland.
