Index Catalog // Carleton University Institutional Repository

Anisotropic effective permittivity of an ultrathin gold coating on optical fiber in air, water and saline solutions

Resource Type:: Article
Creator:: Zhou, Wenjun, Barry, Seán T., Mandia, David J., and Albert, Jacques
Abstract:: The optical properties of an ultrathin discontinuous gold film in different dielectric surroundings are investigated experimentally by measuring the polarization-dependent wavelength shifts and amplitudes of the cladding mode resonances of a tilted fiber Bragg grating. The gold film was prepared by electron-beam evaporation and had an average thickness of 5.5 nm ( ± 1 nm). Scanning electron imaging was used to determine that the film is actually formed of individual particles with average lateral dimensions of 28 nm ( ± 8 nm). The complex refractive indices of the equivalent uniform film in air at a wavelength of 1570 nm were calculated from the measurements to be 4.84−i0.74 and 3.97−i0.85 for TM and TE polarizations respectively (compared to the value for bulk gold: 0.54-i10.9). Additionally, changes in the birefringence and dichroism of the films were measured as a function of the surrounding medium, in air, water and a saturated NaCl (salt) solution. These results show that the film has stronger dielectric behavior for TM light than for TE, a trend that increases with increasing surrounding index. Finally, the experimental results are compared to predictions from two widely used effective medium approximations, the generalized Maxwell-Garnett and Bruggeman theories for gold particles in a surrounding matrix. It is found that both of these methods fail to predict the observed behavior for the film considered.
Date Created:: 2015-05-21

Polarization-selective grating excitation of plasmons in cylindrical optical fibers

Resource Type:: Article
Creator:: Albert, Jacques, Dakka, Milad A., Shevchenko, Yanina, and Chen, Chengkun
Abstract:: We show that the tilted-grating-assisted excitation of surface plasmon polaritons on gold coated single-mode optical fibers depends strongly on the state of polarization of the core-guided light, even in fibers with cylindrical symmetry. Rotating the linear polarization of the guided light by 90° relative to the grating tilt plane is sufficient to turn the plasmon resonances on and off with more than 17 dB of extinction ratio. By monitoring the amplitude changes of selected individual cladding mode resonances we identify what we believe to be a new refractive index measurement method that is shown to be accurate to better than 5 × 10-5.
Date Created:: 2010-03-01

Anomalous permittivity and plasmon resonances of copper nanoparticle conformal coatings on optical fibers

Resource Type:: Article
Creator:: Shao, Li-Yang, Albert, Jacques, Coyle, Jason P., and Barry, Seán T.
Abstract:: The conformal coating of a 50 nm-thick layer of copper nanoparticles deposited with pulse chemical vapor deposition of a copper (I) guanidinate precursor on the cladding of a single mode optical fiber was monitored by using a tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) photo-inscribed in the fiber core. The pulse-per-pulse growth of the copper nanoparticles is readily obtained from the position and amplitudes of resonances in the reflection spectrum of the grating. In particular, we confirm that the real part of the effective complex permittivity of the deposited nano-structured copper layer is an order of magnitude larger than that of a bulk copper film at an optical wavelength of 1550 nm. We further observe a transition in the growth behavior from granular to continuous film (as determined from the complex material permittivity) after approximately 20 pulses (corresponding to an effective thickness of 25 nm). Finally, despite the remaining granularity of the film, the final copper-coated optical fiber is shown to support plasmon waves suitable for sensing, even after the growth of a thin oxide layer on the copper surface.
Date Created:: 2011-06-01

Plasmon-enhanced refractometry using silver nanowire coatings on tilted fibre Bragg gratings

Resource Type:: Article
Creator:: Bialiayeu, A., Ianoul, Anatoli, Prezgot, Dan, Bottomley, Adam, and Albert, Jacques
Abstract:: A novel technique for increasing the sensitivity of tilted fibre Bragg grating (TFBG) based refractometers is presented. The TFBG sensor was coated with chemically synthesized silver nanowires 100nm in diameter and several micrometres in length. A 3.5-fold increase in sensor sensitivity was obtained relative to the uncoated TFBG sensor. This increase is associated with the excitation of surface plasmons by orthogonally polarized fibre cladding modes at wavelengths near 1.5μm. Refractometric information is extracted from the sensor via the strong polarization dependence of the grating resonances using a Jones matrix analysis of the transmission spectrum of the fibre.
Date Created:: 2012-11-09

Strain-optic coefficients of individual cladding modes of singlemode fibre: Theory and experiment

Resource Type:: Article
Creator:: Albert, Jacques and Chen, Chengkun
Date Created:: 2006-09-05

Non-uniform-tilt-modulated fiber Bragg grating for temperature-immune micro-displacement measurement

Resource Type:: Article
Creator:: Chen, Chengkun, Guo, Tuan, and Albert, Jacques
Date Created:: 2009-04-10

Single-frequency Er3+-doped silica-based planar waveguide laser with integrated photo-imprinted Bragg reflectors

Resource Type:: Article
Creator:: Hibino, Y., Kitagawa, T., Hill, K. O., Bilodeau, F., Jihnson, D. C., Malo, B., Theriault, S., Albert, Jacques, and Hattori, K.
Abstract:: Single-longitudinal-mode operation of Er3+-P2O5-codoped silica planar waveguide lasers which are equipped with integrated Bragg grating reflectors is demonstrated, with a polarized output of 340 μW at 1546 nm. The gratings are photo-imprinted using 193 nm light exposure through a phase mask in GeO2-free optical waveguides that have been sensitized by H2 loading.
Date Created:: 1994-08-04

Enhanced photosensitivity in lightly doped standard telecommunication fibre exposed to high fluence ArF excimer laser light

Resource Type:: Article
Creator:: Hill, K. O., Albert, Jacques, Bilodeau, F., Johnson, D. C., Malo, B., and Theriault, S.
Abstract:: The core refractive index of Corning SMF-28 optical fibre exposed to ArF laser pulses increases with the square of the fluence per pulse. Bragg gratings with a refractive index modulation amplitude higher than 10 -3 have been obtained. This is an order of magnitude improvement over previously reported values for this type of fibre in the absence of treatment to enhance the photosensitivity.
Date Created:: 1995-05-25

Effective index drift from molecular hydrogen diffusion in hydrogen-loaded optical fibres and its effect on Bragg grating fabrication

Resource Type:: Article
Creator:: Johnson, D. C., Malo, B., Albert, Jacques, Bilodeau, F., and Hill, K. O.
Abstract:: When hydrogen loading is used to enhance the photosensitivity of silica-based optical waveguides and fibres, the presence of molecular hydrogen dissolved in the glass matrix changes the effective index of propagation of guided optical modes by as much as 0.05%. Real-time monitoring of the reflectivity spectrum of Bragg gratings written in such conditions shows that the centre wavelength follows the changes in hydrogen concentration due to diffusion and reaction with glass defects.
Date Created:: 1994-01-01

Chirped in-fibre Bragg grating dispersion compensators: Linearization of dispersion characteristic and demonstration of dispersion compensation in 100km, 10 Gbit/s optical fibre link

Resource Type:: Article
Creator:: Takiguchi, K., Johnson, D. C., Hill, K. O., Hagimoto, K., Kitagawa, T., Malo, B., Bilodeau, F., Theriault, S., Albert, Jacques, and Kataoka, T.
Abstract:: An apodized chirped in-fibre Bragg grating that has a linear dispersion characteristic is reported. The frequency components of an optical pulse (centre wavelength 1551 nm; 10 GHz bandwidth) incident on the grating are reflected with a relative delay that varies linearly from 0 to 130 ps across the spectral width of the pulse. The dispersion compensator is used to correct for the dispersion in a 100 km link (nondispersion shifted fibre) operating at a 10 Gbit/s transmission rate and a wavelength of 1551 nm.
Date Created:: 1994-10-13

Anisotropic effective permittivity of an ultrathin gold coating on optical fiber in air, water and saline solutions

Polarization-selective grating excitation of plasmons in cylindrical optical fibers

Anomalous permittivity and plasmon resonances of copper nanoparticle conformal coatings on optical fibers

Plasmon-enhanced refractometry using silver nanowire coatings on tilted fibre Bragg gratings

Strain-optic coefficients of individual cladding modes of singlemode fibre: Theory and experiment

Non-uniform-tilt-modulated fiber Bragg grating for temperature-immune micro-displacement measurement

Single-frequency Er3+-doped silica-based planar waveguide laser with integrated photo-imprinted Bragg reflectors

Enhanced photosensitivity in lightly doped standard telecommunication fibre exposed to high fluence ArF excimer laser light

Effective index drift from molecular hydrogen diffusion in hydrogen-loaded optical fibres and its effect on Bragg grating fabrication

Chirped in-fibre Bragg grating dispersion compensators: Linearization of dispersion characteristic and demonstration of dispersion compensation in 100km, 10 Gbit/s optical fibre link

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